Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in manufacturing organisations are increasingly influenced by Information and Communications Technology (ICT), particularly through the adoption of Human Resource Information Systems, e-recruitment platforms, digital performance management systems, and employee self-service tools. This study examines ICT-based factors associated with HRM practices in public and private manufacturing organisations in Chhattisgarh, India. The study used a cross-sectional quantitative research design and collected data from 285 employees, comprising 143 respondents from public sector manufacturing organisations and 142 respondents from private sector manufacturing organisations. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-tests, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and ANOVA through SPSS. The findings indicate that private sector organizations reported significantly higher levels of ICT infrastructure, e-recruitment effectiveness, and digital performance management effectiveness than public sector organizations. ICT infrastructure, organizational support, employee digital literacy, and change management communication showed positive associations with overall HRM effectiveness. Regression results further indicated that organizational support was the strongest predictor of HRM effectiveness, followed by ICT infrastructure and change management communication. The study concludes that ICT-enabled HRM effectiveness depends not only on technology availability but also on organizational support, employee readiness, digital literacy, and sector-specific implementation conditions. The findings provide practical implications for HR managers, policymakers, and manufacturing organizations seeking to improve HRM efficiency through ICT adoption.