IJ
IJCRM
International Journal of Contemporary Research in Multidisciplinary
ISSN: 2583-7397
Open Access • Peer Reviewed
Impact Factor: 5.67

International Journal of Contemporary Research In Multidisciplinary, 2026;5(2):258-265

A Systemic Review on Major Viral Diseases: Causing Agents, Transmission, Control Strategies, and Impact on Human Health

Author Name: Asani Gautam;   Fiza Bano;   Jyoti Maurya;   Jyoti Yadav;   Neha Maurya;   Priyanka Yadav;   Shreya Maurya;   Shikha Yadav;   Sneha Yadav;   A K Vishwakarma;  

1. Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

2. Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

3. Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

4. Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

5. Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

6. Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

7. Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

8. Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

9. Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

10. Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Doodhnath Singh Smarak Mahavidyalaya, Mariahu Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India Affiliated with, V B S Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

In the 21st century, the virus borne diseases are one of the significant threats to worldwide human health. The major viral pathogens affecting humans with specific impacts on arboviruses (Zika, chikungunya, dengue), respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus, coronaviruses, influenza), persistent viral infections (viral hepatitis, HIV), and haemorrhagic fever viruses (Lassa, Marburg, Ebola).  We analyse and address different causative viruses, transmission, control, precaution and various impacts on human and society. We make recent evidence on zoonotic infestation mechanism, role of humans in viral infections, and the importance of the One Health approach in pandemic prevention. Even though significant advances in genomic surveillance, diagnostic technologies, and the development of vaccines, including mRNA vaccines, substantial challenges persist in ensuring equitable access to countermeasures, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This review helps to understand the complex relationship between viral pathogens, human hosts, and environmental factors, which is essential for developing effective prevention strategies and strengthening global health security against future viral threats.

Keywords

Arboviruses, coronaviruses, HIV, influenza, haemorrhagic fevers.